|
This is a list of famous physicians in history: == Physicians famous for their role in advancement of medicine == * Gary Aaron (born 1953) * Marco Abbondanza (born 1953) - Italian physician and eye surgeon, inventor of the Mini Asymmetric Radial Keratotomy (M.A.R.K.) and popularizer of cross-linking * William Osler Abbott (1902–1943) — co-developed the Miller-Abbott tube * William Stewart Agras — feeding behavior * Virginia Apgar (1909–1974) — anesthesiologist who devised the Apgar score used after childbirth * Jean Astruc (1684–1766) — wrote one of the first treatises on syphilis * Averroës (1126–1198) — Andalusian polymath * Avicenna (980–1037) — Persian physician * Gerbrand Bakker (1771–1828) — Dutch physician, with works in Dutch and Latin on midwifery, practical surgery, animal magnetism, worms, the human eye, comparative anatomy, and the anatomy of the brain * Frederick Banting (1891–1941) — isolated insulin * Christiaan Barnard (1922–2001) — performed first heart transplant * Charles Best (1899–1978) — assisted in the discovery of insulin * Norman Bethune (1890–1939) — developer of battlefield surgical techniques * Theodor Billroth (1829–1894) — father of modern abdominal surgery * Elizabeth Blackwell (1821-1910) - first woman to receive a medical degree in the United States; first openly identified woman to receive a medical degree; pioneered the advancement of women in medicine * Alfred Blalock (1899–1964) — noted for his research on the medical condition of shock and the development of the Blalock-Taussig Shunt, surgical relief of the cyanosis from Tetralogy of Fallot, known commonly as the blue baby syndrome, with his assistant Vivien Thomas and pediatric cardiologist Helen Taussig * Charaka — Indian physician * Jean-Martin Charcot (1825–1893) — pioneering neurologist * Guy de Chauliac (1290–1368) — one of the first physicians to have an experimental approach towards medicine; also recorded the Black Death * Loren Cordain (1950) - American nutritionist and exercise physiologist, Paleolithic diet * Harvey Cushing (1869–1939) - American neurosurgeon; father of modern-day brain surgery * Garcia de Orta (1501–1568) — revealed herbal medicines of India, described cholera * Gerhard Domagk (1895-1964) - pathologist and bacteriologist; credited with the discovery of Sulfonamidochrysoidine (KI-730), the first commercially available antibiotic; won 1939 the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine * Charles R. Drew (1904–1950) — blood transfusion pioneer * Helen Flanders Dunbar (1902–1959) — important early figure in U.S. psychosomatic medicine * Galen (129 – c. 210) — Roman physician and anatomist * Paul Ehrlich (1854–1915) - German scientist; won the 1908 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine; developed Ehrlich's reagent * Christiaan Eijkman (1858–1930) — pathologist, studied beriberi * Pierre Fauchard — father of dentistry * René Gerónimo Favaloro (1923–2000) - Argentine cardiac surgeon who created the coronary bypass grafting procedure * Alexander Fleming (1881–1955) - Scottish scientist, inventor of penicillin * Girolamo Fracastoro (1478–1553) — wrote on syphilis, forerunner of germ theory * Sigmund Freud (1856–1939) — founder of psychoanalysis * Daniel Carleton Gajdusek (born 1923) — studied Kuru, Nobel prize winner * George E. Goodfellow (1855–1910) — recognized as first U.S. civilian trauma surgeon, expert in gunshot wound treatment * Henry Gray (1827–1861) — English anatomist and surgeon, creator of ''Gray's Anatomy'' * Ernst Haeckel (1834–1919) — physician and anatomist * William Harvey (1578–1657) — English physician, described the circulatory system * Henry Heimlich (born 1920) — inventor of the Heimlich maneuver and the Vietnam War-era chest drain valve * Orvan Hess (1906–2002) — fetal heart monitor and first successful use of penicillin * Hippocrates (c. 460–370 BCE) — Greek father of medicine * John Hunter (1728–1793) — father of modern surgery, famous for his study of anatomy * Edward Jenner (1749–1823) — English physician popularized vaccination * Elliott P. Joslin (1869–1962) — pioneer in the treatment of diabetes * Carl Jung (1875–1961) — Swiss psychiatrist * Leo Kanner (1894–1981) — Austrian-American psychiatrist known for work on autism * Seymour Kety (1915–2000) — American neuroscientist * Robert Koch (1843–1910) — formulated Koch's postulates * Theodor Kocher — thyroid surgery; first surgeon to win the Nobel Prize * Rene Theophile Hyacinthe Laennec (1781–1826) — inventor of the stethoscope * Janet Lane-Claypon (1877–1967) — pioneer of epidemiology * Thomas Linacre (1460–1524) - founder of Royal College of Physicians * Joseph Lister (1827–1912) — pioneer of antiseptic surgery * Richard Lower (1631–1691) — studied the lungs and heart, and performed the first blood transfusion * Paul Loye (1861–1890) — studied the nervous system and decapitation * Wilhelm Frederick von Ludwig (1790-1865) — a German physician known for his 1836 publication on the condition now known as Ludwig's angina * Amato Lusitano (1511–1568) — discovered venous valves, studied blood circulation * Madhav (8th century A.D.) — medical text author and systematizer * Maimonides (1135–1204) * Marcello Malpighi (1628–1694) — Italian anatomist, pioneer in histology * Barry Marshall * Charles Horace Mayo (1865–1939) — co-founder, Mayo Clinic * William James Mayo (1861–1939) — co-founder, Mayo Clinic * William Worrall Mayo (1819–1911) — co-founder, Mayo Clinic * Salvador Mazza (1886–1946) - Argentine epidemiologist who helped in controlling American trypanosomiasis * William McBride — discovered teratogenicity of thalidomide * Otto Fritz Meyerhof (1884–1951) — studied muscle metabolism; Nobel prize * George Richards Minot (1885–1950) — Nobel prize for his study of anemia * Frederic E. Mohs (1910–2002) — responsible for the method of surgery now called Mohs surgery * Egas Moniz (1874–1955) — developed Lobotomy and brain artery angiography * Richard Morton (1637–1698) — identified tubercles in consumption (phthisis) of lungs; basis for modern name tuberculosis * Herbert Needleman — scientifically established link between lead poisoning and neurological damage; key figure in successful efforts to limit lead exposure * Charles Jean Henri Nicolle (1866–1936) — microbiologist who won Nobel prize for work on typhus * Ian Olver (born 1953) * Gary Onik — inventor and pioneer of ultrasound guided cryosurgery for both the prostate and the liver * William Osler (1849–1919) — the "father of modern medicine" * Ralph Paffenbarger — conducted classic studies demonstrating conclusively that active people reduce their risk of heart disease and live longer * George Papanicolaou (1883–1962) - Greek pioneer in cytopathology and early cancer detection; inventor of the Pap smear * Paracelsus (1493–1541) * Ambroise Paré (1510–1590) — advanced surgical wound treatment * Wilder Penfield (1891–1976) — pioneer in neurology * Marcus Raichle (born 1937) — father of functional neuroimaging * Santiago Ramón y Cajal (1852–1934) — father of modern neuroscience for his development of the neuron theory * Joseph Ransohoff (1915–2001) — neurosurgeon who invented the modern technique for removing brain tumors *Sir William Refshauge (1913–2009) — Australian public health administrator * Rhazes (c. 854–925) (Abu Bakr Mohammad Ibn Zakariya al-Razi) * Juan Rosai (born 1940) - advanced surgical pathology; discovered the desmoplastic small round cell tumor and Rosai–Dorfman disease * Jonas Salk (1914–1995) — developed a vaccine for polio * Lall Sawh (born 1951) — Trinidadian surgeon/urologist and pioneer of kidney transplantation in the Caribbean * Ignaz Semmelweis (1818–1865) — a pioneer of avoiding cross-infection — introduced hand washing and instrument cleaning * Victor Skumin (born 1948) — first to describe a previously unknown disease, now called Skumin syndrome〔(Andrea Ruzza. Nonpsychotic mental disorder after open heart surgery. Asian Cardiovascular and Thoracic Annals October 16, 2013 )〕 (a disorder of the central nervous system of some patients after receiving a prosthetic heart valve)〔(Ukrainian doctors which changed the world )〕 * John Snow (1813–1858) — anaesthetist and pioneer epidemiologist who studied cholera * Thomas Starzl - performed the first liver transplant * Andrew Taylor Still (1828–1917) — father of osteopathic medicine * Susruta (c. 500 BCE) — Indian physician and pioneering surgeon * Thomas Sydenham (1642–1689) — clinician * James Mourilyan Tanner (born 1920) — developed Tanner stages and advanced auxology * Helen B. Taussig (1898–1986) — founded field of pediatric cardiology, worked to prevent thalidomide marketing in the US * Carlo Urbani (1956–2003) — discovered and died from SARS * Andreas Vesalius (1514–1564) — Belgian anatomist, often referred to as the founder of modern human anatomy * Vidus Vidius (1508–1569) — first professor of medicine at the College Royal and author of medical texts * Rudolf Virchow (1821–1902) — German pathologist, founder of fields of comparative pathology and cellular pathology * Carl Warburg (1805–1892) — German/British physician and clinical pharmacologist, inventor of Warburg's Tincture, a famed antipyretic and antimalarial medicine of the Victorian era * Otto Heinrich Warburg (1883-1970) - German physiologist, medical doctor; Nobel prize 1931 * Allen Oldfather Whipple (1881–1963) — devised the Whipple procedure in 1935 for treatment of pancreatic cancer * Priscilla White — developed classification of diabetes mellitus and pregnancy to assess and reduce the risk of miscarriage, birth defect, stillbirth, and maternal death * Carl Wood — developed and commercialized in-vitro fertilization * Alfred Worcester (1855-1951) - pioneer in geriatrics, palliative care, appendectomy, cesarean section, student health, nursing education * Ole Wormius (1588–1654) — pioneer in embryology * Sir Magdi Yacoub (born 1935) — one of the leading developers of the techniques of heart and heart-lung transplantation * Boris Yegorov (1937–1994) — first physician in space (1964) 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「List of physicians」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|